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Empress Liu (Zhenzong)
The Zhangxian Mingsu Empress (969–1033), née Liu (劉), was an empress of the Song dynasty. She was the empress consort of Emperor Zhenzong from 1012 until his death in 1022, and thereafter the empress dowager of his son Emperor Renzong until her death.
As Emperor Zhenzong suffered from ill health in his later years, and Emperor Renzong was only 12 when he succeeded his father, Empress Liu ruled as the ''de facto'' regent for more than a decade. During her reign, Emperor Renzong had falsely believed that she was his biological mother, and did not find out otherwise until after her death.
==Early life==
Orphaned in infancy, Lady Liu was raised by maternal relatives, and by adolescence she became a singer skilled at hand-drums. She married Gong Mei (龔美), a silversmith who took her to the capital Kaifeng, where in 983, she entered the palace of prince Zhao Yuanxiu, one of the emperor's sons. According to anecdotes in historian Sima Guang's ''Sushui Jiwen'', Gong Mei sold Lady Liu out of poverty, probably first to Zhang Qi (張耆), an official in the prince's palace. The 15-year-old Zhao Yuanxiu was greatly enamored of the 14-year-old entertainer. Once, the emperor remarked that his son was getting "listless and thinner", and Zhao Yuanxiu's strict wet nurse, apparently hating Lady Liu's likely crude behaviors, promptly blamed her in front of the emperor. Lady Liu was forced to leave the palace, but the prince kept her at the house of Zhang Qi, who begrudgingly accepted her only after receiving 500 ounces of silver for the construction of a separate residence, so as to circumvent the emperor's order.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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